Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Malathion and Its Sub- Lethal Effects on Protein Patterns in Muscle and Brain Tissue of Channa punctatus And Labeo rohita

Abstract

An organophosphorous insecticide, Malathion has extensive agricultural application. There is a serious danger to aquatic life since this pesticide has leaked into the water system and is polluting it. The protein patterns in the brain and muscles of two freshwater fish species, Labeo rohita and Channa punctatus, were studied in order to determine the acute toxicity from Malathion as well as the sub-lethal consequences of the chemical. The sub-lethal concentration (LC50) is obtained using probit analysis. The protein profiles of fish exposed to sub-lethal levels of Malathion were measured 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours later. Using SDS-PAGE, researchers looked at how proteins in important organs including the brain and muscles have changed. Because Malathion is poisonous, the electrophoretogram shows that the intensity of the protein bands in the muscles and brain is lower than in the control group. Muscle tissue of Channa punctatus exhibited 10 protein bands and brain tissue had shown 08 protein bands in control. Whereas the Muscle tissue of Labeo rohita shown 10 protein bands and Brain tissue exhibited 10 protein bands in control. According to the current research, the anabolic processes are negatively impacted when Malathion binds to proteins and the machinery that synthesizes them, which is likely to cause the loss of protein bands. Assessing pesticide-induced stress in fish relies heavily on biochemical investigations, such as electrophoretic protein quantification. It is possible that the significant drop in protein fractions would aid in the early diagnosis of pesticide contamination.