Prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus in local Population of Muzaffarpur, Bihar

Abstract

Background: Nowadays Diabetes has become major problem in our society. There were over 72,946,400 cases of diabetes in India in 2017 and number is still arising. Different Risk factors associated with diabetes are- Positive family history, Tobacco and alcohol consumption, Hypertension, Psychological stress, stagnant life style, obesity etc. Aim: To find out the prevalence and association of various risk factors with diabetes mellitus in Muzaffarpur. Methods and material: The study consists of 600 people randomly selected from Muzaffarpur region. Demographic data of participants were collected with questionnaires the help of glucometer, and sphygmomanometer, Weighing machine and also statistical analysis was done. Statistical analysis: Chi-square and t-test was done. P value less than 0.05 was significant. Result: Overall prevalence of diabetes mellitus was found 5%. Male was more prone (6.35%) to diabetes than female (4.02%). Most of the subjects with diabetes (36.67%) belonged to the age group 41-50 years and maximum prevalence was seen in age group of 51-60 year (12.5%). Most significant risk factors were psychological stress (40%) followed by tobacco consumption (27%), positive family history (30%), Hypertension (24.24%) and obesity (23.53%). Diabetes Mellitus is more prone in those have these risk factors than those without risk factors. Persons with heavy physical activity were least prone (3.34%) to this disease. Conclusion: Main risk factor of diabetes mellitus is psychological stress and middle age male group were more prone to this disease. Improved lifestyle and awareness of risk factors can decrease prevalence of diabetes.