An effect of Man vs Wild conflict on socio-economic status of rural people of Vidarbha, Maharashtra: A case study between 2010 to 2020

Abstract

Human-wildlife conflict (HWC) is a major issue in rural areas especially in biodiversity rich areas like Vidarbha, Maharashtra. This paper explores the socio-economic implications of HWC for rural communities in Vidarbha from 2010 to 2020 with consideration of crop and livestock loss, compensation and its implications for livelihoods, food security and psychosocial well-being. The paper takes a case study approach and is based on primary and secondary data from the survey, academic and home government literature, as well as qualitative data from comparable areas. The results show that HWC, especially with elephants, tigers, and leopards, result in severe economic damages, exacerbated vulnerability of poor marginal people and weakened community resilience. The study highlights the importance of integrating mitigation approaches, such as compensation schemes and community-based conservation, to promote coexistence and long-term rural development.