Characterization of Groundwater Suitability for Industrial and Irrigation Potential in Shahada Tehsil, Nandurbar District, Maharashtra, India
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Abstract
The study of subsurface water quality to evaluate its aptness for agricultural, industrial practice has become essential due to the variability in rainfall intensity and uncertainty in its distribution. In view of this, the geochemical properties of 45 groundwater samples, including electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total dissolved solids, major cations, and anions, are measured and evaluated suitability. The suitability for irrigation purpose advised by appraisal of various cultivation water quality parameters such as sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Kelly’s ratio (KR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), and permeability index (PI). The industrial applicability was analysed using the Langelier saturation index (LSI), Ryznar stability index (RSI) and Larson–Skold index (LSkI). Geographic information systems (GIS) used the analytical results to produce the numerical spatial dispersion of the indexes. The comprehensive technique of suitability evaluation indicates that subsurface water in the research region is ideal for cultivation. Also, the spatial variation maps of LSI, RSI and LSkI illustrations that most pre-monsoon period samples were largely unaffected by minor scaling and corrosive potentials. Hence study indicates that, continuous monitoring of quality groundwater resources can play major role for achieving the goal of sustainable development of the region.