A Study on Impact of Rainfall Trend on Ground Water Recharge and Environment of Datana – Palkhanda Area, of Ujjain District, Madhya Pradesh, India

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Dawar A. and Barbele P.

Abstract

This Paper concerns with the analysis of rainfall data and environmental impacts of rainfall factor on ground water system of Datana – Palkhanda, Ujjain District of Madhya Pradesh. The rainfall is an important hydro-meteorological parameter, which plays an important role in recharge of the ground water reservoirs. The rainfall data of the area have been analyzed by using both the mathematical and statistical methods. The available records of rainfall data for a period of 31 years (1985-2015) in respect of Ujjain study area have been analyzed and displayed by both the tabular and graphic methods of representation. The mathematical analysis of rainfall data reveals a variation range from 472.5 to 2019 mm, with an average of 1010.8 mm. The recorded rainfall more than the average rainfall value, indicate that during the years of 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015, the rainfall trends were positive, reflecting favourable period for the ground water recharge. The minimum rainfall of the study area has been recorded during the years of 1985, 1987, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2014. These years indicate that the rainfall was unfavourable for sufficient infiltration of the rain water to the ground water storage.  The statistical analysis of rainfall data has determined parameters such as mean (1022.58 mm), median (1012.50 mm) and mode (1020.00 mm), standard deviation (300.52), coefficient of dispersion (0.29), coefficient of skewness (0.008), and coefficient of variation (29.38). The rainfall data analysis of the Ujjain study area indicates a fairly good range of variations indicating the irregular positive and negative values as compared to the average annual rainfall. The forecast of expected future rainfall for a period of next five years indicate a positive trend as compared to the annual average rainfall amount. The environmental impacts of rainfall phenomena have also been discussed.


 

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