An Integrated Remote Sensing & GIS Techniques Based Approach to Study Spatial Distribution of Parameters Controlling Groundwater Contamination in Parbhani Tehsil of Maharashtra State, India

Abstract

The present study attempts to decode the subsurface water contamination with compare to seasonal variations in hydro-geochemistry of groundwater in the Parbhani tehsil of Maharashtra, India. The study area is situated around Parbhani city is a part of Godawari-Purna sub basin located between 76036’ to 77059’ E and 19007’ to 19017’N. A total of 88 groundwater samples of post-monsoon (POMS) and pre-monsoon (PRMS) seasons were collected and analyzed for major ion composition such as viz.pH, Ec, TDS, CO3, HCO3, Ca, Mg, Cl, Na, K, NO3, F andSO4 using standard analytical procedures of APHA. The finding of study is digitized using ArcGIS software, ERDAS imaging software, Landsat images along with survey of India’s official toposheet. As compared to the WHO drinking

standards, majority of groundwater samples are fit for drinking. Nonetheless, its noticed that the higher

concentration bicarbonate in subsurface water was found in upper catchment of the watershed in pre and post monsoon season on the other hand traces of fluoride contamination has been found in central part of study area. The subsurface water bodies situated near Parbhani, Raipur and Balsa villages shows the concentration of calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium above permissible limit possibly due to exceed use of fertilization for cultivation besides urbanization in the study area.