Regulatory Frameworks for OTT Platforms: Global and Indian Context

Abstract

Over-the-top (OTT) platforms have transformed media consumption worldwide, offering on-demand, internet-based access to content. With this shift comes a need for robust regulatory frameworks to address content standards, data privacy, and fair competition. Globally, regulatory approaches vary, from the self-regulation model in the United States to the European Union's comprehensive content and data protection mandates. In India, the introduction of the IT Rules, 2021, marks a significant step toward structured OTT regulation, balancing government oversight with industry-led self-regulation. The paper compares India's regulatory approach to international practices, analyzing the challenges and implications of regulating a digital, cross-border industry. The study emphasizes the importance of tailored frameworks that adapt to technological advances, respect cultural differences, and safeguard user rights in an increasingly connected world.