Village Marginal’s Women Empowerment with Paulo Fraire’s Problem-Facing Approach

Abstract

The village marginal women group is a group of people who are marginalized and therefore unable to adapt to current developments. The inability to adapt results in women not having strong relationships and the power to adapt their identified needs to align with the demands of village development developments. Marginal village women’s groups are neglected and do not receive attention from the government and village community, so women experience obstacles in expressing themselves, speaking out to express their rights, and providing opinions on what they experience. This research analyzes efforts to empower rural marginal women based on Fraire’s empowerment theory by using a problem-facing approach in the context of empowerment as an awareness effort at four levels of awareness. The research method used is a library study with techniques of content analysis. The research results state that: 1) empowerment of marginalized village women has been carried out in various countries including Indonesia with different empowerment concepts. This empowerment is carried out on a regional, national, and international/global scale; and 2) empowerment of marginal village women based on Fraire’s theory has been carried out in several countries such as Finland, Pakistan, Nepal, China, and other countries. However, in Indonesia, the Fraire empowerment concept has not been implemented properly and can only reach the intransitive awareness stage.