Expanding the Lens: A Bibliometric Analysis of Ethical Considerations (3rd E) and the Potential Role of the 4E Framework in DSS Research

Abstract

Decision Support Systems (DSS) play a crucial role in organizational decision-making by providing data-driven insights and facilitating helpful choices. Traditionally, DSS research has based on a 2-e approach focused on achieving goals -effectiveness, 1^st e- using the less resources possible -efficiency, 2^nd e-. However, on the one hand, ethical considerations are becoming increasingly critical due to the growing reliance on technology and the need to place people first. On the other hand, action needs to be delimitated to determine environmental responsibilities regarding how action impacts on the actor, the stakeholders and the surroundings. This study utilizes a bibliometric analysis to explore the current research landscape in DSS design grounded on a 2-e approach. It also explores the inclusion of two more e’s on its framework: ethical considerations (the 3^rd e) and environmental ones (the 4^th e). In sum, this research aims to determine an explicit consideration of, respectively, people and their actions in terms of surroundings or conditions where they act and operate.

Our analysis, focusing on articles retrieved from Scopus (2014-2024), investigates the emphasis placed on ethical considerations within the domain of HR-DSS design. While the evaluation identifies various thematic clusters, our primary focus is on those that align efficiency and effectiveness with ethical and environmental concerns to potentially fit into the 4-e framework (Efficiency, Effectiveness, Ethics, and Environment). Although a purely bibliometric approach has its limitations, it offers valuable insights into current research trends. The discussion section delves into the implications of the identified themes, particularly in the context of integrating ethical considerations within DSS research. We explore the potential of the 4-e framework to address ethical concerns alongside the traditional focus on efficiency and effectiveness. The study acknowledges its limitations and emphasizes the need for further research on the theoretical foundations and practical applications of the 4-e framework. This study highlights the increasing importance of ethical considerations in DSS design, particularly within HR practices. It paves the way for further investigation into the 4-e framework, including the environmental dimension (the 4^th e) to foster responsible and sustainable decision-making through DSS. This work sets the stage for future research exploring the theoretical development and practical implementation of the 4-e framework across various domains where DSS are employed.