Textbook Products with TPACK-Assisted Mandailing Culture Based Realistic Mathematics Learning Model: A Development Study to Learn Critical Thinking Skills

Abstract

Understanding critical thinking in mathematics learning is crucial since its benefits are relevant to everyday life. Therefore, a learning model is needed that links mathematics with everyday life revolving around culture and technology. The purpose of this study is to produce a textbook product with a realistic mathematics learning model based on Mandailing culture assisted by TPACK which is valid, practical, and effective in teaching students critical thinking skills in mathematics. The utilized development model was the Plomp model which included the preliminary investigation, design, realization/construction, test, evaluation, revision, and implementation stages. From the findings, it was found that the score of the textbook product was in the very valid criteria based on the assessment of 5 validators. Furthermore, it was found that students' responses to the textbook were in the practical category and students' critical thinking skills in mathematics were in the effective category. Additionally, the textbook developed motivated students to learn the concepts and materials contained in the book and helped students think critically in solving mathematical problems. Thus, it is concluded that the textbook with a realistic mathematics learning model based on Mandailing culture assisted by TPACK developed in this study has good quality and is suitable for use in teaching critical thinking skills.