Understanding The Exisitng Uses Of Ai In Criminal Justice System

Abstract

AI technologies have found extensive applications within the criminal justice system, ushering in transformative changes that enhance overall efficiency. One prominent area where AI is making a significant impact is in predictive policing. By harnessing the power of sophisticated algorithms, law enforcement agencies can analyze historical crime data to identify potential hotspots. This foresight enables strategic resource allocation, allowing proactive measures to address emerging issues and optimize crime prevention efforts.[1]

In parallel, AI plays a pivotal role in risk assessment within the criminal justice system. Algorithms are deployed to evaluate the likelihood of individuals reoffending or failing to appear in court. Judges and parole boards leverage these tools to make more informed decisions regarding bail, sentencing, and parole, aiming to enhance the fairness and effectiveness of the justice process.

Facial recognition technology, powered by AI, has become an integral tool for law enforcement agencies.[2] This technology facilitates suspect identification, aids in locating missing persons, and strengthens security in public spaces.[3] Real-time identification and tracking capabilities contribute to improved surveillance, bolstering public safety measures.[4]

[1] Ryberg, J. (2021). Sentencing disparity and artificial intelligence. The Journal of Value Inquiry, 1-16.

[2] van Wingerden, S. G. C., Plesničar, M. M., Ryberg, J., & Roberts, J. V. (2022). Artificial Intelligence and Sentencing: Humans against Machines. Studies in Penal Theory and Philosophy, 230-251.

[3] Mason, C., and D. Bjerk. (2013). Inter-judge Sentencing Disparity on the Federal Bench: An Examination of Drug Smuggling Cases in the Southern District of California. Federal Sentencing Report, 25, 190–193.

[4] Ibid.