Gender, Identity, and Cultural Resistance: The Social Construct of Masculinity in Dattani’s Dance Like a Man

Abstract

Mahesh Dattani’s Dance Like a Man explores the intricate relationship between gender, identity, and cultural resistance in the context of societal expectations. The play examines how the social construct of masculinity shapes the identity and choices of its male protagonist, Jairaj, who aspires to become a professional Bharatanatyam dancer. In a society in which traditional gender roles confine men to activities perceived as "masculine”, Jairaj’s passion for dance becomes a source of personal and social conflict. The play highlights how patriarchal values not only restrict women, but also impose rigid expectations on men, limiting their freedom to pursue artistic expression. Jairaj’s struggle against societal judgment and familial pressure reflects cultural resistance inherent in defying gender norms. Dattani uses Bharatanatyam, a classical dance form traditionally associated with women, as a symbol of resistance to the social construction of masculinity. Jairaj’s artistic ambitions have been dismissed and criticised, revealing deep-seated biases that link gender roles with cultural identity. Through Jairaj’s personal journey, the play critiques the idea that men must conform to predefined roles to maintain societal respect, showing how both genders are oppressed by rigid social frameworks. By challenging these norms, Dattani’s play underscores the need for individual freedom and redefinition of masculinity in contemporary society. Dance Like a Man provides a powerful commentary on the intersection of gender, culture, and identity, encouraging a more inclusive understanding of human expression beyond socially constructed boundaries.